New research uncovers the secret behind how ‘walking’ sharks diverged
Walking sharks, also known as epaulette sharks, have fascinated scientists and divers for their unique ability to walk along the ocean floor using their fins. A recent study has revealed that these fascinating creatures are the youngest sharks on the planet, evolving just 9 million years ago. Conservation International researcher Mark Erdmann explains how these sharks evolved and how they may help us adapt to climate change.
Walking sharks are named for their distinctive behavior of walking on the ocean floor instead of swimming. This behavior allows them to forage for food in rocky crevices, feeding on small fish, snails, and crustaceans. Discovered in Indonesia in 2006, researchers have since studied these sharks to understand their evolution and unique traits.
Using genetic samples and molecular clock methodology, researchers determined that walking sharks evolved relatively recently, around 9 million years ago. These sharks are found primarily in a ring around Northern Australia, New Guinea, and the satellite islands of Indonesia. Speciation among walking sharks likely occurred as populations expanded their range through walking or swimming, leading to isolated populations due to environmental factors.
In the Bird’s Head Seascape, four walking shark species are believed to have hitched a ride on drifting islands, traveling significant distances over time. While these sharks are resilient and can survive in extreme conditions, their habitats are threatened by climate change and habitat destruction. Conservation efforts, such as marine protected areas, are crucial for safeguarding these unique species.
To protect walking sharks, full legal protection status is needed in Indonesia, similar to other marine species like whale sharks and manta rays. Understanding the genetic basis of walking sharks’ resilience could provide valuable insights for adapting to climate change. As we strive to protect these fascinating creatures, there is still much to learn from walking sharks and their genetic adaptability to changing environments.
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Emily Carter, a seasoned sailor and marine journalist from Vancouver, has a deep-seated passion for the ocean that has shaped her career. With a degree in Marine Journalism from the University of British Columbia, Emily has become known for her captivating and detailed storytelling. Her work vividly portrays the excitement of sailing and the distinct maritime culture of Canada, earning her a respected place in the sailing community. When not writing, Emily enjoys navigating the rugged coastlines of British Columbia and participating in local regattas, always eager to embark on her next maritime adventure.